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The advances of the experimental study in which the Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience (NiCE) group participates have been published in the journals Brain and Science Advances.
These results show that, contrary to what has been established so far, in neurodegenerative processes there is bidirectional movement of toxic protein aggregates: from the brain (brain) to the digestive tract and vice versa. The article published in the magazineBrain, world historical leader of publications in Neurology, provides a comprehensive approach to the role of the brain-intestine axis in the initiation and spread of Parkinson's disease pathology in a non-human primate model (baboons) . According to María Trinidad Herrero, professor at the University of Murcia (UMU) and director of the University Institute for Research on Aging and researcher at the Murcian Institute for Biosanitary Research (IMIB), "the results open the door to the development and testing of new targeted therapeutic approaches to interfere with the development and progression of Parkinson's disease.
" Research shows how Lewy body extract, characteristic protein aggregates in Parkinson's disease, can move within the nervous system, but not only from the nervous terminals of the digestive tract or other organs to the brain, as previously believed, but also from the brain to the digestive tract. In other words, a bidirectional movement of these aggregates and of the extension of the neurodegenerative process is described, probably varying between each patient and between the subtypes of the disease. One of the most innovative data from the investigation is the fact of not finding pathological lesions of alpha-synuclein (main component of Lewy bodies) in the dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve, a key point, according to previous models and results, in transmission from the periphery to the area of ??the brain called substantia nigra. Therefore, "the present study does not support the hypothesis of transmission from the digestive tract through the vagus nerve.
Instead, these results would suggest a possible systemic mechanism in which the allegedly toxic proteins could reach the substantia nigra, and other regions.
from the general circulation, "says Herrero. In parallel, the same scientific group recently published in Science Advances a multifactorial mathematical analysis product of the study of the same animals injected with extracts of Lewy bodies, suggesting several interrelated factors in the origin of the dopaminergic neurodegeneration characteristic of Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease marker Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative process characterized mainly by the loss of neurons in the substantia nigra and the corresponding dopamine deficiency, since it is the area of ??the brain that contains the neurons that produce this neurotransmitter. A proportion of surviving neurons show characteristic accumulations (protein aggregates), called Lewy bodies, that mark the alpha-synuclein protein and represent the histopathological marker of the disease. Long-distance multidisciplinary and multinational collaboration The research arises from the collaboration of the University of Bordeaux (Erwan Bezard and Benjamin Dehay) and the University of Nantes (Pascal Derkinderen) in France; and the Vall d´Hebrony Hospital CIBERNED Barcelona (Miquel Vila), HM CINAC and CIBERNED Madrid (José Obeso, Inés Trigo Damas) and the Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience (NiCE) group of the University of Murcia (María Trinidad Herrero, Nuria García, Cristina Estrada) in Spain.
The research included, among others, funding from the Michael J Fox Foundation of the United States. This collaboration underscores the importance of joint collaborative action between complementary groups and the proper use of available resources.
Source: Universidad de Murcia
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